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The political economy of development

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Dr. Róbinson Rojas this academic site promotes excellence in teaching and researching economics and sustainable development, and the advancing of describing, understanding, explaining and theorizing.
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Project for the First People's Century
"We...propose a framework for true freedom and democracy, ... which advocates policies meant to benefit all peoples of this world, regardless of their race, creed, nationality, religion, or any other features that still divide humankind."
Puro Chile
The Memory of the People

"Tomorrow belongs to the people, belongs to the workers. Humanity advance toward the conquest of a better world".
Salvador Allende ( 11 Sept. 1973 )

From Countercurrents.org - 7 October 2007
Climate Change And Entire Landscapes On The Move
By Stephen Leahy - Inter Press Service
BROOKLIN, Canada - The hot breath of global warming has now touched some of the coldest northern regions of world, turning the frozen landscape into mush as temperatures soar 15 degrees C. above normal.
Entire hillsides, sometimes more than a kilometre long, simply let go and slid like a vast green carpet into valleys and rivers on Melville Island in Canada’s northwest Arctic region of Nunavut this summer, says Scott Lamoureux of Queens University in Canada and leader of one the of International Polar Year projects.

From Countercurrents.org - 5 October 2007>
Iraq Body Count: “A Very Misleading Exercise”
By Media Lens
The mainstream media are continuing to use figures provided by the website Iraq Body Count (IBC) to sell the public a number for total post-invasion deaths of Iraqis that is perhaps 5-10% of the true death toll

From Countercurrents.org - 29 September 2007
Defending The Cuban Revolution: With Love Or Venom?
By James Petras
Defending the Cuban revolution demands unconditional defense against imperialism and proposals to rectify its problems. These are acts of love. Polemical invective and personal attacks against life-long defenders of the revolution and revolutionary movements will further isolate Cuba and opportunists like Gonzalez Casanova from reality and the coming social transformations in Latin America and social changes in Cuba

Cuba: Continuing Revolution and Contemporary Contradictions
James Petras and Robin Eastman-Abaya - July 2007
Introduction
The Cuban revolution with its socialist economy has demonstrated tremendous resilience in the face of enormous political obstacles and challenges. It successfully defied a US orchestrated invasion, naval blockade, hundreds of terrorists’ attacks and half-century boycott.(1) Cuba was able to withstand the fallout from the collapse of the USSR, the Eastern European collectivist regimes, China and Indo-China’s transit to capitalism and to construct a new development model.
As many scholars and political leaders – including adversaries – have noted, Cuba has developed a very advanced and functioning social welfare program: free, universal, quality health coverage and free education from kindergarten through advanced university education.(2) In foreign, as well as domestic, policy Cuba has successfully developed economic and diplomatic relations with the entire globe, despite US boycotts and pressures. (3) In questions of national and personal security, Cuba is a world leader. Crime rates are low and violent offenses are rare. Terrorist threats and acts, (most emanating from the US and its Cuban exile proxies), have declined and are less a danger to the Cuban population than to the US or Europe.
It is precisely the successes of the Cuban Revolution, its ability to withstand external threats, which would have brought down most governments, that now has created a series of major challenges, which require urgent attention if the revolution, as we know it, is to advance in the 21st century. These challenges are a result of past external constraints as well as internal political developments. Some problems were inevitable consequences of emergency measures but are now pressing for immediate and radical solutions.

More articles here

" Le monde est dangereux à vivre ! Non pas tant à cause de ceux qui font le mal, mais à cause de ceux qui regardent et laissent faire."
"This world is a dangerous place to live in ! Not because of those who do it wrong but because of those who just sit and watch."

(Albert Einstein)
"Déjame decirte, nena, a riesgo de ser ridículo, que un revolucionario está lleno de grandes sentimientos de amor".
(Ernesto Guevara - Che)(1966)
"On ne combat pas pour être libre, mais parce qu'on l'est déjà".
Jean Cavaillès, fondateur du reseau Cahors, fusillé par les Nazis en 1944
"No tengas hambre ni sed. Súbete a mis alas y cantaremos, y bailaremos, y comeremos pescado del rio y beberemos el viento".
(Latin American folksong, XV century)(Before the arrival of the European barbarians)
"El honor de la poesía es salir a la calle...la poesía es una insurrección".
Pablo Neruda (1904-1973)
"When I give food to the poor, they call me a saint. When I ask why the poor have no food, they call me a communist".
(Dom Helder Camera -former archbishop of Olinda, Recife, Brasil)(1984)
"The important thing is not to stop questioning".
(Albert Einstein)(1946)
"Caminante no hay camino, se hace camino al andar...".
(Antonio Machado)(1939)
"Common sense is the collection of prejudices acquired by age eighteen"
Albert Einstein (1947)
"They who dream by day are cognizant of many things which escape those who dream only by night.".
(Edgar A. Poe)(1839)
"Quand un homme rêve seul, c'est un songe. Qu'ils soient plusieurs à rêver, c'est une réalité. " .
(Armand Gatti)("La Parole Errante",1999)
"Ce qui est positif, c'est que vous êtes poète. Il y a bien longtemps que je dis que le poète est souverainement intelligent, qu'il est l'intelligence par excellence, - et que l'imagination est la plus scientifique des facultés, parce que seule elle comprend l'analogie universelle, ou ce qu'une religion mystique appelle la correspondance. "
Charles Baudelaire, "Lettre a A. Toussenel" (1856)
"Great knowledge sees all in one. Small knowledge breaks down into the many"
Chuang-Tzu (4th Century B.C)
A good traveller has no fixed plans
and is not intent upon arriving,
A good artist lets his intuition
lead him wherever it wants.
A good scientist has freed himself of concepts
and keeps his mind open to what is.

Thus the Master is available to all people
and doesn't reject anyone.
He is ready to use all situations
and doesn't waste anything.
This is called embodying the light.

What is a good man but a bad man's teacher?
What is a bad man but a good man's job?
If you don't understand this, you will get lost,
however intelligent you are.
It is the great secret.

Ch'iu Ying (1510-1551)
"I was a butterfly, flying contentedly.
Then I awoke as Chuang Tzu.
Now I don't know who I really am -
a butterfly who dreams he is Chuang Tzu
or Chuang Tzu who dreamed he was a butterfly."

Chuang-Tzu (4th Century B.C)
"Hay hombres que luchan un día
Y son buenos.
Hay otros que luchan un año
Y son mejores.
Hay quienes luchan muchos años
Y son muy buenos.
Pero hay los que luchan toda la vida:
Esos son los imprescindibles. "

Bertold Brecht (1898-1956)
"Communism is for us not a state of affairs which is to be established, an ideal to which reality will have to adjust itself. We call communism the real movement which abolishes the present state of things. The conditions of this movement result from premises now in existence."
"The German Ideology", K.Marx and F.Engels (1845)
"What we are doing to the forests of the world is but a mirror reflection of what we are doing to ourselves and to one another"
Mahatma Gandi
"We have to see individual freedom as a social commitment"
Amartya Sen
.
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Academic editor
                    Róbinson Rojas
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The Róbinson Rojas Archive is an academic organization dedicated to gather, process and analyze information under the direction of  Róbinson Rojas.  It includes RRojas Research Unit, RRojas Databank, Project for the First People's Century, and Puro Chile. The memory of the people.
This site also contains books, parts of books, papers, parts of papers, notes and lecture notes published and unpublished by R. Rojas, statistics and documents from international and national sources.
Copyright @ 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The Róbinson Rojas Archive / RRojas Databank

Education for Sustainability
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Planet Under Pressure
A six-part BBC News Online series looking at some of the most pressing environmental issues facing the human race today. By Alex Kirby BBC News Online environment correspondent
Introduction
Part 1: Species under threat
Part 2: World water crisis
Part 3: Energy crisis
Part 4: Feeding the world
Part 5: Climate change
Part 6: Fighting pollution
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Why the Sun seems to be "dimming"
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DEDICATION:
RROJAS DATABANK is dedicated to the memory of Salvador Allende, José Tohá, Victor Jara, Orlando Letelier, Carlos Prats, and thousands of other Chilean and foreign citizens assassinated by order of Pinochet, Merino, Leigh and Mendoza, the four bandits who victimized the Chilean people during almost twenty years in complicity with U.S. transnational corporations and state terrorists like Henry Kissinger to meet the economic and political needs of the international capitalist class.